Ciao,
\[\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{{e^{\alpha {x^2}}} - \sqrt {1 + {x^2}} + \alpha {x^2}}}{{{{(1 - cos(x))}^\alpha }}} = \left\{ \begin{array}{l}
[\frac{0}{0}]\;\;\;\;\;\alpha > 0\\
0\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\alpha \le 0
\end{array} \right.\]
analizziamo dunque il limite solo per $\alpha > 0$
Sviluppando con Taylor al primo ordine l'esponenziale e la radice si ha:
\[ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{[1 + \alpha {x^2} + o({x^2})] - [1 + \frac{1}{2}{x^2} + o({x^2})] + \alpha {x^2}}}{{{{(\frac{{1 - cos(x)}}{{{x^2}}}{x^2})}^\alpha }}} = \]
\[ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{1 + \alpha {x^2} + o({x^2}) - 1 - \frac{1}{2}{x^2} - o({x^2}) + \alpha {x^2}}}{{{{(\frac{{1 - cos(x)}}{{{x^2}}})}^\alpha }{{({x^2})}^\alpha }}} = \]
\[ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{1}{{{{(\frac{{1 - cos(x)}}{{{x^2}}})}^\alpha }}} \cdot \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{2\alpha {x^2} - \frac{1}{2}{x^2} + o({x^2})}}{{{x^{2\alpha }}}} = \]
\[ = {2^\alpha } \cdot \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{(2\alpha - \frac{1}{2}){x^2} + o({x^2})}}{{{x^{2\alpha }}}} = {2^\alpha } \cdot \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{{x^2}[(2\alpha - \frac{1}{2}) + \frac{{o({x^2})}}{{{x^2}}}]}}{{{x^{2\alpha }}}} = \]
\[ = {2^\alpha } \cdot \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} {x^{2 - 2\alpha }}[(2\alpha - \frac{1}{2}) + \frac{{o({x^2})}}{{{x^2}}}] = {2^\alpha } \cdot \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} {x^{2(1 - \alpha )}}[(2\alpha - \frac{1}{2}) + \frac{{o({x^2})}}{{{x^2}}}] = \]
da cui discutendo al variare di $\alpha$ si ha:
\[ = \left\{ \begin{array}{l}
\alpha < 1\;\;\;\;\; \to \;\;\;\;\;{2^\alpha } \cdot 0 = 0\\
\\
\alpha = 1\;\;\;\;\; \to \;\;\;\;\;2 \cdot (2 - \frac{1}{2}) = 3\\
\alpha > 1\;\;\;\;\; \to \;\;\;\;\;{2^\alpha } \cdot \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{[(2\alpha - \frac{1}{2}) + \frac{{o({x^2})}}{{{x^2}}}]}}{{{x^{2(\alpha - 1)}}}} = {2^\alpha } \cdot \frac{{(2\alpha - \frac{1}{2})}}{{{0^ + }}} = {2^\alpha } \cdot ( + \infty ) = + \infty
\end{array} \right.\]
Saluti.
